Centrifugal butter-extractor



No. 62l,l27. Patented marlm, "399..

0'. omssou. v CENTBIFUGAL BUTTER EXTRACTOR.

(Application. filed July 5, 1893. Renewed Jan. 10, 1699.)

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OLOF OHLSSON, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

CENTRIFUGAL BUTTER-EXTRACTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 621,127, dated March14, 1899. Application filed July 5, 1893. Renewed January 10, 1399-Serial No. 701,766. (No model.)

To all whom it 777/Cby concern:

Be it known that I, O oF OHLSSON, a subject of the King of Sweden andNorway, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in CentrifugalMachines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,.andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in centrifugal machines; and ithas for its object to provide a centrifugalmachine that may be readilyconverted from a cream-separator to a butter-extractor, and vice versa,to provide a detachable cream-disturber for a centrifugal machine thatis simple and economical in its construction and effective in itsoperation, to provide a cream-disturber that may be easily andaccurately regulated to vary its work in accordance with the amount ofwork required to make butter, and to provide a cream-disturber that willautomatically regulate itself so as to vary its work in accordance withthe amount of work required to make butter.

The invention consists of the construction .hereinafter set forth. V

In the drawings forming part of this specification, and in which likeletters of reference designate similar parts throughout, Figure 1 is acentral vertical section ofthe cover of a centrifugal machine embodyingone form'of the invention. Fig. 3 is an end view, of a cream-disturberembodying part of the' complete invention. Fig. 4 is a vertical section,and Fig. 5 is a plan view, of a plug or diaphragm employed when themachine is worked'as a separator.

- Referring now more particularly to the embodiment of the inventionshown in the draw ings, a is a cover for the bowl of a centrifugalmachine.

19 is an inlet-duct for the full milk, leading 1 into areception-chamber c, from which the duct 0' carries the milk to thebowl.

h is an ordinary duct to permit the escape Fig. 2 is a plan view, and

of cream or butter according as the machine is worked as a separator orextractor.

The reception-chamber is closed at the bottom by a removable plug orpiece generally screw-threaded. If the machine is not to be used as abutter-extractor,a plain filling-piece f will be used to close thischamber; but if the machine is to be employed as a butterextractor thebearing block or piece f will be used. This piece f has a bearing inwhich works a pivot 6, provided with milk-lubricatin g duct '1: andcarrying a suitable cream-disturber g, adapted to work in theliquid-space of the bowl and especially that part occupied by thecream-wall A. The pivot fits its bearing closely, but is free to moveindependently of the bowl or at a different rate of speed; but being infrictional engagement with the bowl it would tend to move therewith andat the same rate of speed. The disturber may vary widely in form; but inthe preferred form it consists simply of two arms g, fixed to a hub gand carrying blades 9'. The hub is socured to the pivot e in anyconvenient man- 'ner, as by screwing it onto the threaded eX- Oonnectedwith the tension 6 of the pivot e. pivot e, and hence with the disturberg,is some suitable means adapted to retard or impede the movement of thedisturber c, so that the disturber when carried around with the rotatingmilk within the bowl may be impeded and caused to move at a slower rateof speed than this rotating milk. It is of course obvious that when thebowl is empty and is set in motion the pivot .e and disturber g willmove with the bowl and at substantially the same rate of speed unlessits movement is in some way impeded and that if the bowl is suppliedwith milk, so that the disturber dips into the milk,the disturber willrotate at substantially the same speed as the surrounding liquid,whether this speed be equal to or less than that of the bowl, incasethere is nothing to retard the disturber. In this case the disturberwould have no material effect upon the milk or cream. If, however, thedisturber is retarded so as not to move as fast as the liquid rotates,then the disturber will act upon the cream and by a gentle disturbanceand agitation of its particles turn it into butter. Any suitableretarding means may be required.

employed that is adapted to accomplish the purpose of impeding thedisturber, so that it will move at a slower rate of speed than the milkin the bowl, so as to turn the cream into butter. In the drawings, whichshow the best form of the invention now known to me, the retardingdevice is in the form of a bowl or receptacle (Z, fixed to the pivot eand located in the reception-chamber c, beneath the inlet-duct Z2,whereby it receives the inflowing milk before it passes into the bowl,so that the speed of the disturber will be automatically regulated.

The in flowing milk as it enters the retarding-receptacle (1 serves asan impediment to the rotation of the receptacle and disturber, and inorder that the inflowing milk may check the receptacle (Z and disturbermore positively the receptacle may be provided with fixed wings d. Thegreat advantage of this arrangement is that the effective operation ofthe disturber is automatically regulated so as to correspond with thework required in making butter. It is well knownthat there hasheretofore been great difficulty found in securing just the properamount of agitation of the cream in a butter-extractor to produce thebest results. The great difficulty has been to prevent excessiveagitation of the cream and the consequent bad flavor and poor quality ofthe butter. The constant care of an attendant has generally beenrequired to prevent this undue agitation, and even then it was verydifficult and often impossible to prevent the butter from being spoiledby excessive agitation of the cream. In accordance with this inventionit is possible to secure the exact amount of agitation required to makebutter without spoiling it and to automatically regulate the amount ofagitation so as to correspond with the work The disturber, it will beseen, is set in motion by the rotating bowl of the machine, which givesalso a rotary movement to the contained liquid, and this movement of thedisturber, which may be occasioned by frictional contact with somemoving part of the bowl, as shown in Fig. 1, or by some other suitableform of engagement, is retarded by the non-rotary inflowing milk. It isof course obvious that. the disturber need not necessarily depend forits movement upon any mechanical engagement, frictional or otherwise,with the bowl, because if the disturber were free from such mechanicalengagement it could be actuated by the milk rotating within the rotatingbowl into which the disturber dips. In this latter case the rotatingmilk would itself carry the disturber around. Moreover, the movement ofthe disturber could be occasioned partly by the bowl with which it mightbe in engagement and partly by the rotating milk. The faster a givenquantity of the liquid flows into and out of the bowl the shorter willbe the period of its agitation, due to the disturber, and the greater,therefore, must be the degree of agitation. Conversely, the slower thisgiven quantity of the liquid flows into and out of the bowl the longerwill be its period of agitation, due to the disturber, and the less,therefore, must be the degree of agitation. By employing the inflowingmilk or a certain percentage of it to retard the disturber the degree ofagitation will correspond with the amount of liquid passing into and outof the how]. If more liquid flows into and out of the bowl,then thedisturber will be more retarded, and if less liquid tlowsinto and out ofthe bowl then the disturber will be less retarded. Thus it will be seenthat by employing the in flowing milk to retard the disturber theprecise amount of agitation required to make butter of excellent flavorand quality may be secured. The disturber is preferably located near thebutter-outlet duct 7b, as shown in Fig. 1, and its slanting blades serveto prevent the cream from lingering at the creamwall and to assist thebutter to flow evenly from the machine.

It will be seen that the centrifugal machine may be readily convertedfrom a cream-separator'to a butter-extractor, and vice versa, by

simply interchanging the bearing block or piece, as f, with thedisturber and a plain filling block or piece, as f.

\Vhile the advantages of my entire invention are best secured byarranging the disturber to be automatically regulated in the mannerabove set forth, yet some of the advantages may be secured by regulatingthe disturber by hand or otherwise. Moreover, the particular embodimentof the invention may be considerably varied in form and arrangement fromthat shown in the drawings, as will be readily understood, withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. Ina centrifugal machine, a disturberlocated inthe liquid-space of the bowland adapted to move in the same direction as the bowl and meansconnected or associated with the disturber adapted in the normaloperation of the machine to reduce or retard the speed of the disturberbelow that of the retating liquid within the bowl, substantially as setforth.

2. In a centrifugal machine, a disturber located in the liquid-space ofthe bowl and in rot-ative engagement with the bowl and adapted to movein the same direction as the bowl, and means connected or associatedwith the disturber adapted in the normal operation of the machine toreduce or retard the speed of the disturber below that of the rotatingliquid within the bowl, substantially as set forth.

3. In a centrifugal machine, a liquid-disturber located in theliquid-space of the bowl and adapted to move in the same direction asthe bowl, the disturber being provided with means whereby it is adaptedin the normal operation of the machine to be controlled as to its speedby the liquid flowing to the bowl, so that the. effective energy of thedisturber is automatically adjusted to correspond with the flow ofliquid, substantially as set forth.

4. In a centrifugal machine, a cream-disturber pivotally secured in theaxis of rotation of the bowl and located in the liquidspace of the bowland said disturber being provided with a retarding device controlled byliquid flowing to the bowl whereby the speed of the disturber iscontrolled by liquid flowing to the bowl, substantially as set forth.

5. In a centrifugal machine, a cream-disturber pivotally secured in theaxis of rotation of the bowl and located in the liquidspace of the bowland said disturber being provided with a retarding device adapted in thenormal operation of the machine to reduce the speed of the disturberbelow that of the rotating liquid within the bowl, substantially as setforth.

6. In a centrifugal machine, the combination of a bowl provided with aremovable bearing block or piece, a cream-disturber pivoted in saidbearing-block'in the axis of the bowls rotation and disposed in theliquidspace of the bowl and means connected or as sociated with thedisturber and adapted in the normal operation of the machine to retardthe speed of the disturber below. the speed of the rotating liquidwithin the bowl, substantially as set forth.

7. In a centrifugal machine, the combination of a bowl provided with aremovable bearing-block in its top, a cream-disturber pivoted in saidblock in the axis of the bowls rotation, and disposed in theliquid-space of the bowl and actuated by the bowl, and a receptacle inengagement with the disturber adapted to receive the inflowing milk andreduce the speed of the disturber below the speed of the rotating milkwithin the bowl, substantially as set forth.

8. In a centrifugal machine, a bowl provided with a reception-chamberfor the inflowing milk, a cream disturber disposed within theliquid-space of the bowl and fixed to a pivot passing through thereceptionchamber into the bowl, whereby the disturber is actuated by thebowl, a retarding device located in the reception-chamber and fixed tothe pivot and adapted to be operated upon by the inflowing milk,substantially as set forth.

9. In a centrifugal machine, the bowl having, a reception-chamber c inits top, a pivot e passing through the bottom of the receptionchamber, acream-disturber g fixed to the pivot within the bowl and having inclinedblades g, a retarding-receptacle d seated on the pivot e in thereception-chamber c, the arrangement being such that the disturber isactuated by the bowl but is reduced in speed below that of the rotatingliquid within the bowl by the inflowing milk in theretarding-receptacle, the amount of retardation being dependent upon therate of inflow of milk into the machine, substantially as set forth.

10. Ina centrifugal machine, a liquid-disturber located in theliquid-space of the bowl and adapted to move in the same direction asthe bowl, and means connected or associated with the disturber adaptedin the normal operation of the machine to automatically reduce or retardthe speed of the disturber below that of the rotating liquid Within thebowl, substantially as set forth.

11. In a centrifugal machine, a liquid-disturber located in theliquid-space of the bowl and in rotative engagement with the bowl so asto move in the same direction therewith, and means connected orassociated with the disturber adapted in the normal operation of themachine to automatically reduce or retard the speed of the disturberbelow that of the rotating liquid within the bowl, substantially as setforth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this21st day of June, 1893.

OLOF OI-ILSSON.

Witnesses:

CHARLES H. PELL, OLIVER DRAKE.

